Lactobacilli are a large genus of friendly bacteria that normally inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. An important part of the microbial ecosystem in the colon, they produce substances and metabolites like bacteriocins, hydrogen peroxide and organic acids (such as lactic acid), which are mainly fermented to butyrate, the key nutrient for the epithelial cells of the gut mucosa.

Lactobacilli are one of the most-widely used good bacteria in food supplements. They have a high tolerance to gastric acid and bile, and a capability to adhere to intestinal surfaces. Supreme Microbiom contains a total of 7 strains of Lactobacilli, which contribute to the formula’s strain diversity. They are well-studied, and some come with the highest level of recommendation by the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) and World Gastroenterology Organization (WGO).

Bifidobacteria are y-shaped bacteria, and the first microbes to colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, producing a range of valuable nutrients, including short-chain fatty acids and vitamins. Researchers have identified more than 50 species of bifidobacterium, with different functions.

Bifidobacterium strains of human origin are also capable of synthesizing essential vitamins (like K2) and certain B vitamins (like thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, folic acid, biotin, and nicotinic acid).

The bifidobacteria strains (B. breve, B. longum ssp infantis, B. longum, B. bifidum and B. lactis) are among the most well-studied Bifido strains used in food supplements.

Saccharomyces boulardii is a live yeast named after Henri Boulard, the scientist who first isolated it from lychee and mangosteen fruit in 1920. Clinical studies demonstrate the multiple mechanisms of action of this unique microorganism, with its resistance to digestion. It survives gastric acidity and colonizes the intestinal tract. S. boulardii produces polyamines and bacteriocins, and studies have shown that it’s naturally resistant to antibiotics, since they don’t interfere with its metabolism.

Bacillus coagulans is a spore forming microorganism. This probiotic is extremely hardly and can easily survive stomach acid to colonize the entire GI tract, thereby better providing targeted support to the intestine and maintaining balance in the microbiome.

Bacillus coagulans was first isolated from spoiled milk in 1915 by B.W. Hammer, at the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station in the United States of America. A spore-forming bacterium, it’s able to produce lactic acid and various metabolites.

With the ability to form spores, the bacterial species Bacillus coagulans is resistant to extreme conditions and antibiotics. It survives the acidic gastric juice and bile acids in the duodenum while passing through the GI tract, and safely reaches the lower intestines and colon, where it divides quickly to colonize the gut.

Soluble fibres are complex carbohydrates (oligosaccharides) that serve as food for the good bacteria that live in the intestines, as well as for supplemented friendly bacteria.

These special types of dietary fibre feed the good bacteria strains in the gut. Supreme Microbiom contains a soluble fibre blend consisting of three different types of oligosaccharides - FOS, XOS and MOS - specially selected to meet the needs of those bacterial strains included in our formula and assist them to start dividing rapidly.

B vitamins are water-soluble vitamins that play an important role in many physiological processes. Numerous studies have highlighted their unconditional connection to human life:

• Vitamin B6 and B2 are responsible for maintenance of normal of red blood cells

• Folic acid and vitamin B6 are key factors in maintaining healthy immune system

• Biotin contributes to normal metabolism

• B vitamins (like biotin, niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, pyridoxine) are vital for converting food into cellular energy

B vitamins are easily obtained through a variety of food, but the gut microbiota is probably the most reliable source, as it can synthesize different B vitamins (including biotin, cobalamin, folates, nicotinic acid, panthotenic acid, pyridoxine, riboflavin, and thiamine). However, when there are occasional disruptions of the balanced state of gut microflora, the synthesis of vitamins B is also disrupted; this is when it’s important to supplement additional B vitamins in the diet.